Synchronizing Network Time

Time synchronization is a service that maintains consistent server time across the network. Time synchronization is provided by the server operating system, not by eDirectory. eDirectory maintains its own internal time to ensure the proper order of eDirectory packets, but it gets its time from the server operating system.

This section focuses on integrating NetWare time synchronization with the time synchronization of Windows, Linux, and Solaris.


Synchronizing Time on NetWare Servers

In IP networks and mixed protocol networks, NetWare 5.x servers communicate time with other servers using IP. NetWare 5.x servers use TIMESYNC.NLM and Network Time Protocol (NTP) to accomplish this.

Time synchronization in NetWare 5.x always uses TIMESYNC.NLM, whether servers are using IP only, IPXTM only, or both protocols. TIMESYNC.NLM loads when a server is installed. NTP can be configured through TIMESYNC.NLM.

If your network also uses Windows, Linux, or Solaris, you should use NTP to synchronize the servers because it is a standard to provide time synchronization.

For NetWare 3 and NetWare 4, third-party NTP time services are available.

For more information on time synchronization software, see the U.S. Naval Time Service Department Web site.


NTP

NTP functions as part of the UDP protocol suite, which in turn is part of the TCP/IP protocol suite. Therefore, a computer using NTP must have the TCP/IP protocol suite loaded. Any computers on your network with Internet access can get time from NTP servers on the Internet.

NTP synchronizes clocks to the Universal Time Coordinated (UTC) standard, the international time standard.

NTP introduces the concept of a stratum. A stratum-1 server has an attached accurate time piece such as a radio clock or an atomic clock. A stratum-2 server gets time from a stratum-1 server, and so on.

For NetWare 5 servers, you can load NTP.NLM to implement NTP time synchronization through TIMESYNC.NLM. When NTP is configured with the TIMESYNC.NLM on an IP server, NTP becomes the time source for both IP and IPX servers. In this case, IPX servers must be set to secondary servers.

For more information on time synchronization, refer to Network Time Management Administration Guide in the NetWare 6 documentation set on the Novell Documentation Web site.


TIMESYNC.NLM

TIMESYNC.NLM synchronizes time among NetWare servers. You can use TIMESYNC.NLM with an external time source like an Internet NTP server. You can also configure Novell Client workstations to update their clocks to servers running the TIMESYNC.NLM.

For more information on time synchronization, refer to Network Time Management Administration Guide in the NetWare 6 documentation set on the Novell Documentation Web site.


Synchronizing Time on Windows Servers

Windows does not include an NTP time-synchronization utility. You can obtain an NTP-compatible timeserver in the Windows NT 4.0 Resource Kit.

For more information on time synchronization for Windows, refer to the server documentation.


Synchronizing Time on Linux or Solaris Systems

You can use the TIMESYNC 5.09 utility to synchronize time on Linux, Solaris, and NetWare systems. The TIMESYNC utility is available as part of NetWare 5 Support Pack 2 and can be downloaded from the Novell Support Connection Web page.

  1. If xntpd is running on the Linux or Solaris systems, kill the process.

    • On Linux systems, type /etc/rc.d/init.d/xntpd stop
    • On Solaris systems, type /etc/init.d/xntpd stop

To set up the Linux or Solaris server as a Timesync server in a mixed network of NetWare and Linux or Solaris servers:

  1. Modify the ntp.conf file.

    • On Linux systems, enter the following in the /etc/ntp.conf file:

      server IP_address_of_the_Linux_system

      fudge IP_address_of_the_Linux_system stratum 0

    • On Solaris systems, enter the following in the /etc/inet/ntp.conf file:

      server IP_address_of_the_Solaris_system

      fudge IP_address_of_the_Solaris_system stratum 0

  2. Start xntpd.

    • On Linux systems, type /etc/rc.d/init.d/xntpd
    • On Solaris systems, type /etc/init.d/xntpd

  3. Verify ntptrace.

    The following information displays:

    localhost:stratum1, offset 0.000060. synch distance 0.01004, refid 'LCL'

    The stratum number can be any number between 1 and 14.

  4. On the NetWare server, load monitor > go to Server Parameters > go to Time > go to Timesync Time Source > enter the following:

    • On Linux systems, type the following:

      IP_address_of_the_Linux_system:123;

    • On Solaris systems, type the following:

      IP_address_of_the_Solaris_system:123;

  5. Save and quit.

    This enables the NetWare sever to synchronize time using NTP.

To set up a Linux or Solaris system as a Timesync client:

  1. Enter the following line in /etc/ntp.conf (on Linux systems) or /etc/inet/ntp.conf (on Solaris systems):

    server IP_address_of_the_Timesync_server

  2. Use the ntpdate command to adjust the time on the Linux or Solaris machine to be as close to the Timesync server as possible.

  3. Repeat the following command until the time is adjusted to the Timesync server:

    ntpdate IP_address_of_the_Timesync_server

  4. Start xntpd.

  5. Verify ntptrace.

    The following information displays after a few minutes:

    localhost:stratum 2, offset 0.000055, synch distance 0.02406 Solaris_server_name: stratum 1, offset 0.000030, synch distance 0.01064, refid 'LCL'

    The stratum number in the first line can be any number between 2 and 15. If the number is below 16, the machine is synchronized with the machine in the second line.


Verifying Time Synchronization

To verify that time is synchronized in the tree, run DSREPAIR from a server in the Tree that has at least read/write rights to the Tree object.


NetWare

  1. At the server console, load DSREPAIR.

  2. Select Time Synchronization.

    For help interpreting the log, click F1.


Windows

  1. Go to the NDSCONSOLE > select DSREPAIR > click Start.

  2. Click Repair > Time Synchronization.


Linux and Solaris

  1. Run the following command:

    ndsrepair -T



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